Share-increasing strategies

• Market penetration
• Product development
• possibly in certain circumstances
  Market development
  Horizontal integration
  Joint venture

Growth strategies

• Market penetration
• Product development
• Market development
• Forward integration
• Backward integration
• Horizontal integration

Profit strategies

• Product development
• Market penetration
• possibly in certain circumstances
  Market development

Turnaround strategies

• Retrenchment
• possibly in certain circumstances
  Liquidation
  Divestiture
  Product development
  Market penetration

Liquidation or divestiture strategies

• Liquidation
• Divestiture

Market concentration & assets reduction strategies

• Retrenchment
• possibly in certain circumstances
  Liquidation
  Divestiture

Not business strategies – excluded from Hofer model

• Concentric diversification
• Conglomerate diversification
• Horizontal diversification

Sources:

David, F. R. (1991). Concepts of strategic management (3^rd ed.). New York: Macmillan.

Hofer, C. W. & Schendel, D. (1978). Strategy formulation: Analytical concepts. St. Paul, MN: West.

- R. S. Kulzick -
- 02/01/00 -