There are numerous tools and approaches available to the manager to implement change. These tools however, all fall under only three basic approaches or strategies to implementing change.

Demonstrative Strategies

Assumes: A proposed change can be demonstrated definitively and proved effective.

Resources required: Knowledge and research

Works best: Parties involved share a general consensus as to values and perspectives as to what should be done

Shortcomings: Such consensus is seldom maintained, if even achieved

Integrative Strategies

Assumes: Good relationships and heightened communication will promote change

Resources required: Negotiating, bargaining, and involving all concerned

Works best: Shared commitment to a common value system and differences occur only on priorities and tactics

Shortcomings: Takes more time, rewards bargaining ability, not necessarily the best solution - just an acceptable one

Pressure Strategies

Assumes: Basic dissension between contending parties over values and priorities

Resources required: Force must be applied and power brought to bear

Works best: When the other two won't work

Shortcomings: Behavioral problems

 

Note that larger changes often require a combination of methods.